Rum Jungle

Uranium Mining and Remediation on Country

Forgotten Places · 1953–1971

Archived on 12/08/2026

Associated With

Commonwealth Government; AAEC oversight and Territory Enterprises Pty Ltd operations - creator, owner or operator

Defining Feature

Open cuts, sulphuric-acid uranium treatment plant, waste rock and tailings

Status

Demolished - Dismantled industrial complex; active remediation landscape on Kungarakan and Warai Country

Overview

Rum Jungle was a uranium mine-and-treatment complex near Batchelor in Australia’s Northern Territory.

Developed from 1953, it used open cuts and sulphuric-acid processing before operations ended in 1971. The workings left waste rock, tailings and severe pollution.

Contamination continued to affect landforms, groundwater and surface water. Remediation on Kungarakan and Warai Country became a continuing environmental responsibility long after production ended.

Why It Mattered

The site connects Cold War uranium demand with long-term environmental damage on Kungarakan and Warai Country. Its continuing remediation shows how an industrial project can remain active as an environmental responsibility long after production ends.

Project, Plant and Production

The treatment plant officially opened on 17 September 1954 and used sulphuric-acid leaching, solution separation and precipitation to make uranium concentrate.
Its workings included White’s, Dyson’s and Rum Jungle Creek South, alongside stockpiles, waste rock, tailings and an acid plant.
Official lifetime output was reported as 3,530 tonnes of uranium oxide and 20,000 tonnes of copper concentrate.

Batchelor and the Workforce

Batchelor was redeveloped for the project workforce, with 98 furnished all-electric family houses recorded by the AAEC.
The contemporary account also listed single quarters, a mess, school, churches, store, swimming pool, sports facilities and cinema.
Batchelor remains an inhabited town.

Pollution, Country and Remediation

Contamination affects landforms, groundwater and surface water; copper is identified as the most important contaminant ecotoxicologically.
A Commonwealth-funded rehabilitation programme ran from 1983 to 1986, but later deteriorated; a government–Traditional Owner partnership began in 2009.
Approved remediation includes mine-waste containment, contaminated-water management, Main Pit capping and backfilling, and revegetation.

Sources & Records

Northern Territory Government — Rum Jungle history — Records operations from 1953 to 1971, lifetime output and the mine’s contamination legacy.
Australian Atomic Energy Commission — Rum Jungle Project, 1963 — Documents the treatment plant’s 1954 opening, acid processing and the workforce housing and amenities at Batchelor.
Rum Jungle — environmental monitoring report, 2023–2024 — Documents acid mine drainage and downstream contamination during the rehabilitation programme.
Northern Territory Government — Rum Jungle rehabilitation approvals — Records the March 2023 environmental approval and September 2023 remediation-plan endorsement.

Gallery

Black-and-white wide view into a terraced open-cut mine, with steep rock benches, a haul road, small vehicles and equipment, and a pool of water at the bottom left. — Source
Credit
The Guardian
Licence
Historical Ephemera
Displayed for commentary, criticism, research and historical documentation where permitted by applicable law. No permission for reuse is granted.
Caption
A historical view of the Rum Jungle workings shows the scale of the open-cut mining site.

View down into a stepped rock open pit containing a small pool of opaque green water, with a pale dirt haul road curving around the rim and benches. — Source
Credit
Australia's Defining Moments Digital Classroom - National Museum of Australia
Licence
Historical Ephemera
Displayed for commentary, criticism, research and historical documentation where permitted by applicable law. No permission for reuse is granted.
Caption
Water collects at the bottom of a Rum Jungle pit, illustrating the landscape left by excavation.

Colour view of a shallow creek with pale green and reddish water, exposed banks, rocks and a large dark tree stump in the foreground; a small bridge and trees are in the background. — Source
Credit
The Conversation
Licence
Historical Ephemera
Displayed for commentary, criticism, research and historical documentation where permitted by applicable law. No permission for reuse is granted.
Caption
The watercourse and exposed banks show the environment around the former Rum Jungle mine, central to its rehabilitation story.

Wide view of an industrial processing plant with metal tanks, pipes, conveyors, a tall smokestack and low rectangular buildings behind a broad dirt foreground under a pale blue sky. — Source
Credit
Australia's Defining Moments Digital Classroom - National Museum of Australia
Licence
Historical Ephemera
Displayed for commentary, criticism, research and historical documentation where permitted by applicable law. No permission for reuse is granted.
Caption
Processing buildings preserve a view of the industrial plant that accompanied mining at Rum Jungle.